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Activity title

Blast Exposure Monitoring in Military Training and Operations (BEMMTO)

Activity Reference

HFM-371

Panel

HFM

Security Classification

NATO UNCLASSIFIED

Status

Active

Activity type

RSM

Start date

2024-03-05T00:00:00Z

End date

2027-03-05T00:00:00Z

Keywords

biomedical research, blast exposure monitoring, blast injury, blast injury prevention, brain health, combat, health hazard, human performance, impulse noise, military, recoil, training, weapon systems, Wearable sensors

Background

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and other injuries such as neurosensory and musculoskeletal injuries are a risk for military personnel over their career due to a combination of repeated low level and/or high intensity blast exposures from a variety of sources such as shoulder fired weapons and improvised explosive devices, respectively. Currently, military personnel exposed to blast in training and combat do not have an objectively measured record of blast exposures. In addition, there are no reliable biologic or performance marker(s) of effects from these exposures. Because of this, the US, Canada, and allied nations are either pursuing blast exposure monitoring capabilities, and/or funding research to better characterize frequency and/or magnitude of blast exposures during training and combat, and their resulting effects on Soldiers’ brain health and operational performance. Recently the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Human Factors and Medicine (HFM)-234 (RTG), perceived that blast exposures were an “environmental toxicology problem”, and released a report guiding the future of such research. [Leggieri MJ, Jr, Bieler D, Bjarnason S, et al. Environmental toxicology of blast exposures: injury metrics, modelling, methods, and standards. J R Army Med Corps. 2019; 165:7-9]. The NATO S&T panel working group consisting of prominent researchers and technical experts concluded that it is crucial to establish an extensive impending effort to standardize experimental blast induction parameters, validate blast biosensors, and link blast exposure to clinical outcome data. [Bryden DW, Tilghman JI, Hinds SR 2nd. Blast-Related Traumatic Brain Injury: Current Concepts and Research Considerations. J Exp Neurosci. 2019; 13:1179069519872213. Published 2019 Sep 12. doi:10.1177/1179069519872213]

Objectives

The objective of the research specialists’ meeting (RSM) is to convene a strategic forum where leading NATO subject matter experts, program managers, and scientists can present and establish an increased understanding of Service member occupational health hazards resulting from repetitive use of weapon systems and explosives during a military career. The secondary objective will be to recommend in meeting proceedings strategies that will inform the development of standards to monitor and potentially mitigate unnecessary exposures in training and combat to sustain Service member’s health and performance during their careers. RSM tasks will be: 1) Identification and classification of established or potential health hazards resulting from repetitive use of weapon systems and explosives and their effects on health and performance. 2) Identification of effective training range safety and monitoring methods of environmental exposures resulting from repetitive use of weapon systems in current NATO operations. 3) Characterization of medical and/or personnel protection strategies for the prevention and mitigation of potential injuries due to single and repetitive heavy weapons exposure(s). 4) Best practice recommendations to inform future blast exposure surveillance activities. The kick-off meeting (2 days) would be held at the CSO to finalize agenda, speakers, and logistics for the RSM. The RSM would likely be 3 days with the location still to be determined factoring in travel time and costs. RSM end products will be: 1. Report documenting (1) leading blast injury research in the form of conference proceedings that will provide the necessary foundation to increase understanding of current health risks related to blast overpressure (BOP) exposure and impact on health and performance, (2) a research framework for subsequent NATO Research and Technology Group (RTG) work that will determine relationships between environmental exposures and potential injury risk and other poor health outcomes resulting from blast exposure, (3) an initial compendium of research progress that can be used as a reference source for other NATO organization efforts, and (4) recommendations for developing standardized processes to fully characterize exposures from firing weapon systems and explosives in military training and combat environments that can inform medical blast exposure surveillance programs. 2. Research proceedings documenting known and unknown relationships between blast exposure and health and performance, and strategies used by NATO members to mitigate unnecessary blast exposures and brain health degradation.

Topics

Below are the scientific topics that will be discussed at the RSM. 1) Identification and enhanced understanding of established health hazards resulting from environmental exposures from repetitive use of weapon systems and explosives. 2) Exploration of the range of health hazards reported in recent literature resulting from repetitive use of weapon systems in current NATO operations. 3) Identification of existing and potential strategies to enhance protection of and mitigate injury risk from blast exposure using weapon systems and explosives.

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